Ncauses of anemia in pregnancy pdf

Anaemia in pregnancy is an important public health problem worldwide. Anemia in pregnancy is defined as a hemoglobin concentration of less than 110 gl less than 11 gdl in venous blood. It affects more than 56 million women globally, twothirds of them being from asia. While some degree of dilutional anemia is part of normal pregnancy physiology, iron deficiency anemia can have serious adverse health consequences for the mother and child. The world health organization 1972 defines anaemia in pregnancy as a haemoglobin concentration of less than 11. Thus, it is critical to distinguish iron deficiency anemia from physiologic anemia, as well as to identify other less common. Webmd explains the causes, symptoms, and treatment of anemia during pregnancy. Severe anemia may have adverse effects on the mother and the fetus. Causes of anemia in pregnancy physiological adaptation in pregnancy leads to physiological anemia of pregnancy. Inherited means your parents passed on the gene for the condition to you. Anemia is one of the most frequent complications related to pregnancy. Iron requirements increase during pregnancy, and a failure to maintain sufficient levels of iron may result in adverse maternalfetal consequences.

The defined values consistent with anemia in pregnancy are hemoglobin levels less than 11 g per dl 110 g per l in the first or third trimester, or less than 10. The most common cause of anemia in pregnancy is lack of iron. Folate is the vitamin found naturally in certain foods like green leafy vegetables a type of b vitamin, the body needs folate to produce new cells, including healthy red blood cells. Iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy can make you feel weak and tired. Who estimates that more than half of pregnant women in the world have a haemoglobin level indicative of anaemia puerperium are iron deficiency and acute blood loss. In some populations, 80% of pregnant women are anemic. Acquired means you arent born with the condition, but you develop it.

Anemia is common during pregnancy, but it can lead to serious problems for your unborn child. In a systematic analysis that ranked the causes of global anemia burden in 2010 by prevalence, hookworm infection was ranked as the third and fourth most prevalent causes among males and females, respectively, though anemia due to hookworm decreased between 1990 and 2010, particularly for males. It involves a reduction in the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. Anemia is an extremely common condition in pregnancy and postpartum worldwide, conferring a number of health risks to mother and child. Anemia epidemiology, pathophysiology, and etiology in low. Those most at risk are women from low socioeconomic groups and teenagers. Classification of anemia in pregnancy 3, 5 grossly classified into two types. The most common true anemias during pregnancy are iron deficiency anemia approximately 75% and folate deficiency megaloblastic anemia, which are more common in women who have inadequate diets and who are not receiving prenatal iron and folate supplements. The management of anemia in a pregnant woman depends on the duration of pregnancy, severity of the anemia and complications 10. If youre pregnant, youre at an increased risk of iron deficiency anemia, a condition in which you dont have enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your bodys tissues. The dilution of blood in pregnancy is a natural process and starts at approximately at the eighth week of pregnancy and progresses until the 32nd to 34th week of pregnancy 3.